ካህናተ ደብተራ በዲ/ን ዳንኤል ክብረት=+=

«እናንተ ደብተራ ከምትባሉት በቀር ይህንን ሁሉ ያደረገ ማነው?ታመሰግኑታላችሁ፣ ታወድሱታላችሁ፣ እንዳንተ ያለ ኀያል ማነው? ትሉታላችሁ፤እንዳንተ ያለ ድል አድራጊ፣ እንዳንተስ ያለ ለጋሥ በሁሉ ዘንድ ወዴት አለ?እንዳንተ ያለስ ምጽዋት ሰጭ የት አለ? ትሉታላችሁ፡፡ እንዲህ ስታመሰግኑትምበኀጢአት ላይ ኀጢአትን ይጨምራል፡፡»

ይህንን ቃል ከዛሬ ሰባት መቶ ዓመታት በፊት የተናገረው ታላቁ ተጋዳይ አባት አባ በጸሎተሚካኤል ዘደብረ ጎል ነው፡፡ ንጉሥ ዓምደ ጽዮን ከክርስትና ሕግ ውጭ የአባቱን ሚስትበማግባቱ እንደ ዮሐንስ መጥምቅና እንደ ዮሐንስ አፈወርቅ ሳይፈራና ሳያፍር ፊት ለፊትበመገሠፁ ብዙ መከራ ደረሰበት፡፡ ተገረፈ፤ ታሠረ፤ ተሰደደም፡፡

አስቀድማ የንጉሡ ሚስት የነበረች በኋላ ደግሞ ንጉሡ ለአንዱ ወታደሩ የሰጣት አንዲት ሴትነበረች፡፡ ይህቺ ሴት ይህንን ሕይወት ንቃ ንስሐ ገባችና ሥጋወደሙ ተቀበለች፡፡ ንጉሥዓምደ ጽዮን «ሂዳችሁ አምጧት፤ እኔም በመኝታዬ አረክሳታለሁ» ብሎ በድፍረት ተናገረ፡፡መልክተኛ ወደ ሴቲቱ ሲሄድ እርሷ ወደ አቡነ በጸሎተ ሚካኤል ዘንድ ላከች፡፡

አቡነ በጸሎተ ሚካኤል ልጆቹን እንዲህ አላቸው «ተነሡ እግዚአብሔር ሥራ እንዲሠራእንለምነው፡፡ ክውስጣዊ ልብሳችሁ በቀር ሌላውን አውልቁ፡፡ በፊቱም እያለቀስንእንለምነው»፡፡ ሌሊቱን ሙሉ በዕንባና በስግደት፣ በጸሎትና በማዕጠንት እግዚአብሔርንሲለምኑት አደሩ፡፡ ሲያለቅስ መሬቱ የሚረጥብ አለ፡፡ ሲሰግድ መሬቱ የሚጎደጉድ አለ፡፡ደረቱን ሲደቃ ውጭ ድረስ የሚሰማ አለ፡፡ ሲያጥን ዕንባው እሳቱን የሚያጠፋው አለ፡፡

ሌሊት ንጉሡ በከባድ ሕመም ታመመ፡፡ ነፍሱም ልትወጣ ደረሰች፡፡ ያን ጊዜ ባለሟሎቹቀረቡ፡፡ እርሱም «ይህ ሕመም በምን ምክንያት እንደ መጣ አውቄዋለሁ፤ ያቺን የበጸሎተሚካኤልን ልጅ ላረክሳት በመፈለጌ ነው፡፡ አሁንም ሂዱና ይቅር በለኝ በሉት» ብሎ በቤተመንግሥቱ የሚያገለግሉትን ካህናት ላካቸው፡፡

ካህናቱ ወደ አባ በጸሎተ ሚካኤል ሲደርሱ «ልጆቼ ተነሡ እግዚአብሔር ሰምቶናል፡፡ልብሶቻችሁን ልበሱ፤ መልክተኞችም መጥተዋል» አላቸው፡፡ እነርሱም ተነሥተው ከመቅደስሲወጡ የንጉሡን መልክተኞች አገኟቸው፡፡ መልክተኞቹም የንጉሡን መልክት ነገሩት፡፡ አባበጸሎተ ሚካኤልም «እግዚአ ብሔር ይቅር ይበልህ በሉት» አላቸው፡፡ የንጉሡን አገልጋይካህናት ግን እጅግ ወቀሳቸው፡፡

አባ በጸሎተ ሚካኤል የወቀሳቸው ካህናት በዚያ ዘመን «ካህናተ ደብተራ» ይባሉ ነበር፡፡ስማቸው የተወሰደው በንጉሡ ቤተ መንግሥት የምትገኘውንና በድንኳን ያለቺውን ቤተ ክርስቲያንስለሚያገለግሉ ነው፡፡ ነገሥታቱ በየሀገሩ ስለሚዘዋወሩ የድንኳን ቤተ ክርስቲያን ነበራቸው፡፡እዚያ ካህናት ይመደባሉ፡፡

የእነዚህ ካህናት ጠባይ በሌላው ቦታ ከነበሩት ካህናት ጠባይ ይለይ ነበር፡፡ ካህናተ ደብተራየሚታወቁባቸው ጠባያት ነበሯቸው፡፡ የመጀመርያው ጠባያቸው በገዳም ከሚኖሩት ቅዱሳንአበው ጋር አለመስማማታቸው ነው፡፡ ለእነርሱ ገዳማዊ ሕይወት ጊዜ ማጥፋትና ራስን ማሞኘትነው፡፡ በገዳም ያሉ አባቶቸንም በትኅትናቸው ምክንያት ይንቋቸው ነበር፡፡ እነርሱን ማሳጣትናመክሰስ ብሎም ከየገዳማቸው ማሳደድ የዘወትር ተግባራቸው ነበር፡፡ ገዳማቱ ሲፈቱና ማኅበረመነኮሳቱ ሲበተኑ ምንም ዓይነት ቁብ አይሰጣቸውም ነበር፡፡ እንዲያውም አንዳንድ ጊዜየንጉሡ ወታደሮች የሚያዝኑላቸውን ያህል ካህናተ ደብተራ ለገዳማውያን አባቶች አያዝኑም፡፡ ወደ ንጉሡ ዘንድ ደርሰው ጉዳያቸውን እንዳያስፈጽሙ ከጠባቂዎቹ ይልቅ የሚያስቸግሯቸውካህናተ ደብተራ ነበሩ፡፡

ሁለተኛው ጠባያቸው ደግሞ ማንኛውንም ነገር ከጥቅም ጋር ማገናኘታቸው ነው፡፡ የቤተክርስቲያን ሥርዓትና ሕግ፣ የእግዚአብሔር ቁጣና ቅጣት አይታያቸውም፡፡ ከንጉሡ ማዕድእየበሉና ፍርፋሪ እየለቀሙ፣ በንጉሡም ካባና ላንቃ እየተሸለሙ ስለሚኖሩ የሚሠሩትየሚገባቸውን ሳይሆን የሚያበላቸውን ነው፡፡ በቤተ መንግሥቱ ያገኙትን ክብርና ማዕድእንዳያጡ ሲሉ ማንኛውንም ኢ ሃይማኖታዊ የሆነ ተግባር ከማድረግ አይመለሱም፡፡

በገድለ አቡነ ፊልጶስ ዘደብረ ሊባኖስ ላይ እንደ ተጻፈው ዓምደ ጽዮንንም ሆነ ልጁን ሰይፈአርእድን ትክክል ያልሆነ ትምህርት አስተምረው ያሳሳቱት ካህናተ ደብተራ ናቸው፡፡ አቡነፊልጶስ ዘደብረ ሊባኖስ ወደ ዓምደ ጽዮን ገብተው ለምን ይህንን ጥፋት እንዳጠፋና የአባቱንሚስት እንዳገባ ሲጠይቁት « ዐዋቂዎች የሆኑ ካህናት እርሷን ካላገባህ መንግሥትህ አይጸናምብለውኝ ነው» ነበር ያላቸው፡፡ ከካህናተ ደብተራ አንዱ የነበረው እወደድ ባዩ ዘአማኑኤልየተባለ ሰው ከንጉሥ ዓምደ ጽዮን በኋላ የነገሠውን ሰይፈ አርእድን በተመሳሳይ ስሕተትአሳስቶት ነበር፡፡ «ከጥቂት ጊዜም በኋላ ዘአማኑኤል የሚባል አንድ ሰው ተነሣ፡፡ ይህምበግብር ሳይሆን በስም ነው፤ እርሱ ንጉሡን እንዲህ ሲል አሳስቶታልና፡ አንተ ንጉሥ ነህናበአንዲት ሚስት ልትኖር አይቻልህም፤ ንጉሥማ ሦስት ሚስት እንዲያገባ ታዝዞለታል ብሎምአስተማረው» (ገድለ አቡነ ፊልጶስ፣ ገጽ 225)

ካህናተ ደብተራ ንጉሡን የሚያስደስትና ጥቅማቸውን የሚያስከብር ከመሰላቸው ከንጉሡ በላይምሄደው ግፍ ከመፈጸም አይመለሱም ነበር፡፡ በሰይፈ አርእድ ዘመነ መንግሥት ተመሳሳይስሕተት መሠራቱን አይተው አበው ከየአቅጣጫው መጥተው ሲገሥፁት አቡነ አኖሬዎስ ንጉሡንበኃይል ተናገረው፡፡ ይህንን ያየው የንጉሡ ማዕድ ባራኪ ካህን ወይም ቄስ ሐፄ ከወታደሮቹተሽቀዳደመና አቡነ አሮንን በጥፊ መታው፡፡ ለምን እንደ መታው ገድለ አቡነ አኖሬዎስ ሲናገር«በንጉሡ ዘንድ ሊመሰገን ሽቶ» ይለዋል፡፡ ያን ጊዜም አቡነ አኖሬዎስ «ለምን ትመታኛለህ?ለሰው ከማድላት ለእግዚአብሔር ማድላት አይሻልህም ነበር?» አለው ይላል፡፡ ቄስ ሐፄው ግንያሰበውን ምስጋና አላገኘም፡፡ በአበው ኀዘን ምክንያት ወዲያውኑ ሞተ፡፡

የካህናተ ደብተራ ሌላው ጠባይ ደግሞ ወተቱን ማጥቆር ከሉን ማንጣት ነው፡፡ እውነትንየሚመዝኗት ከጥቅማቸው አንፃር ብቻ ስለነበረ ኃጢአት ሲሠራ እያዩ ጽድቅ ነው፤ ግፍሲፈጸም እያዩ ቅድስና ነው ማለት ይወዱ ነበር፡፡ ነገሥታቱና መኳንንቱ በበደል ላይ በደልእንዲጨምሩ ያደርጓቸው የነበሩትም እነርሱ ናቸው፡፡ ለዚህ ነው አቡነ በጸሎተ ሚካኤል ወደእርሱ ለማማለድ የመጡትን ካህናተ ደብተራ «እናንተ ደብተራ ከምትባሉት በቀር ይህንን ሁሉያደረገ ማነው? ታመሰግኑታላችሁ፣ ታወድሱታላችሁ፣ እንዳንተ ያለ ኀያል ማነው?ትሉታላችሁ፤ እንዳንተ ያለ ድል አድራጊ፣ እንዳንተስ ያለ ለጋሥ በሁሉ ዘንድ ወዴት አለ)እንዳንተ ያለስ ምጽዋት ሰጭ የት አለ? ትሉታላችሁ፡፡ እንዲህ ስታመሰግኑትም በኀጢአት ላይኀጢአትን ይጨምራል፡፡» ያላቸው በዚህ ምክንያት ነው፡፡

አንዳንዶቹ የካህናተ ደብተራ ወገኖች ሹመት እንጂ እምነት አልነበራቸውም፡፡ በገድለ አቡነአኖሬዎስ ላይ እንደ ግብጦን በተባለ ቦታ ንቡረ እድነት የተሾመ አንድ የካህናተ ደብተራ ወገንነበረ፡፡ ይህ ሰው ምንም ሳያደርገው በቅድስናው ብቻ አቡነ አኖሬዎስን ይጠላው ነበር፡፡

አንድ ቀን «ምን እንደምትሠራ ለማየት እመጣለሁ» ሲል ላከበት፡፡ ይህ ሰው ሹመት ሽልማትፈልጎ ንቡረ እድ ሆነ እንጂ እግዚአብሔርን እንኳን የማያመልክ ሰው ነበረ፡፡ ገድለ አቡነአኖሬዎስ እንዲህ ይላል «ቅዱሱም በዚያ በገዳሙ እያለ ስሙ ጳውሎስ የሚባል አንድ ሰውበትዕቢት «መጥቼ ሥራህን አያለሁ» ብሎ ወደ እርሱ ላከበት፡፡ ያም በስም መነኩሴና ንቡረእድ የሆነ፣ ከንጉሡም ዘንድ የተሾመ ነበረ፡፡ እርሱም ቤተ ክርስቲያንን አጠፋት፡፡ምእመናንንም አሳዘናቸው፡፡ የተላከውም መልክተኛ ለአባታችን ይህንን ነገረው፡፡ አባታችንምይህንን ሰምቶ «ኃጥእን እንደ አርዘ ሊባኖስ ከፍ ከፍ ብሎ አየሁት፤» ብሎ ተናገረ፡፡ ወደእግዚአብሔርም ስለ እርሱ ጮኸ፡፡ ያም በትዕቢቱ ሞትን አገኘ፡፡ ለቅዱሱም እንደ ሞተነገሩት፡፡ እርሱም «በተመለስኩ ጊዜ ግን አጣሁት» አለ፡፡ እርሱም «በምን ሞተ?»አላቸው፡፡ እነርሱም «ሌሎች አማልክትን ያመልክ ነበር» አሉት፡፡ ቅዱስ አባታችንም መራርልቅሶን አለቀሰ፡፡ «ፈለግኩ ቦታውንም አላገኘሁትም» አለ፡፡

አንዳንዶቹ ካህናተ ደብተራ ክህነትን ለእንጀራ ማግኛና ለክብር መሸመቻ እንጂ አምነውበትየሚያገለግሉበት አልነበረም፡፡ ርስት ጉልት ስላለ፣ በንጉሡ ማዕድ ለመቅረብ ስለሚያስችል፣ልብስና መዓርግም ስለሚያሰጥ ነበር ወደ ክህነቱ የገቡት፡፡

ካህናተ ደብተራ የቤተ ክርስቲያንን ትምህርት ለእንጀራና ክብር ማግኛ ብቻ እንጂ ለድኅነትስለማይ ጠቀሙበት አንዳንድ ጊዜ ነገሥታቱን ከአምልኮ እግዚአብሔር ወደ ጥንቆላ ይከቷቸውየነበሩት እነርሱ ነበሩ፡፡ በዐፄ ዳዊት ዘመን አባ ጊዮርጊስ ሲከራከራቸው የነበሩትና በኋላምበንጽሕናው ምክንያት ተመቅ ኝተው ወደ ዳሞት እንዲጋዝ ያደረጉት በጥንቆላ ሥራ ተሠማርተውየነበሩት ካህናተ ደብተራ ነበሩ፡፡

ካህናተ ደብተራ በዕውቀትና በቅድስና የሚበልጧቸውን አባቶችና ሊቃውንት አይወዷቸውም፡፡ቤተ ክርስቲያንን ለማበልጸግ፤ ለማደራጀትና ስብከተ ወንጌልን ለማስፋፋት የሚጥር ሁሉጠላታቸው ነው፡፡ ግብጻዊው ጳጳስ አቡነ ያዕቆብ አቡነ ፊልጶስን ኤጲስ ቆጶስነት ሊሾመው ሲነሣበዋናነት የተቃወሙት ካህናተ ደብተራ እንደነበሩ ገድለ አቡነ ፊልጶስ ይነግረናል «እንደዚህአታድርግ፤ በአንድ ሀገር ሁለት ኤጲስ ቆጶስ ይሆናልን? ሕዝቡ ይከፋፈላል፤ የአንተም ክብርህይጠፋል፤ ምድረ ሼዋኮ ከፊል መንግሥት ናት፤ እንዴት እንደዚህ ትላለህ? ከኛ በኋላየሚመጣ ትውልድም ይህንን አይፈቅድም፤ ከኛም አስቀድሞ እንዲሁ ነበረ፡፡ እኛስ ከኛበፊት የነበሩ አበው ጳጳሳት ያላደረጉትምን አናደርግም፣ አንናገርምም» (ገድለ አቡነ ፊልጶስ፣ገጽ 197)

በወቅቱ የነበረውን የደቡቡን ክፍል ከአሥራ ሁለት ከፍሎ አሥራ ሁለት ወንጌላውያንን የሾመውንበሰሜኑ ክፍልም ሐዋርያትን ያሠማራውን ግብፃዊውን አቡነ ያዕቆብን ካህናተ ደብተራአልወደዱትም፡፡ የስብከተ ወንጌል መስፋፋትና የሕዝቡ ማወቅ ለእነርሱ የግብዝነትናየኃጢአት ሥራ ዕንቅፋት ይሆናል ብለው አሰቡ፡፡ በዚህም የተነሣ ይህንን የስብከተ ወንጌልአደረጃጀትና ሥምሪት ማጥፋት እንዳለባቸው ወሰኑ፡፡ በዚህም ምክንያት ዘአማኑኤል ንጉሡአቡነ ያዕቆብን ወደ ግብጽ እንዲመልሰው መከረው፡፡ አቡነ ያዕቆብ ስላወገዘውም በለምጽተመትቶ ሞተ፡፡ አቡነ ያዕቆብም ወደ ግብጽ ተመለሰ፡፡

በቤተ ክርስቲያን ታሪክ ውስጥ የእውነተኞቹ አባው፣ ሊቃውንትና ካህናት አገልግሎትና ትሩፋትለቤተ ክርስቲያን ብልጽግና እንዳይሰጥ ሲያሰናክሉና ለእውነት ዕንቅፋት ሲሆኑ የኖሩት ካህናተደብተራ ናቸው፡፡ እንክርዳዱ ከስንዴው ጋር አብሮ እስከ መከር ይኖራልና የካህናተ ደብተራጠባይና አሠራር ዛሬም ቤተ ክርስቲያንን ሲያውካት ይኖራል፡፡ እንደ አቡነ አሮን፣ እንደ አቡነበጸሎተ ሚካኤል እንደ አቡነ ፊልጶስና እንደ አቡነ አኖሬዎስ ያሉ ጀግኖችን እስክታገኝድረስ::  
(Source: danielkibret.com)